Preliminary information

All Voltage Values

ParameterMinTyp.MaxComment
Supply voltage12 V13.5 V15 VBarrel Plug input, 2.1mm I.D. x 5.5mm O.D. Positive Centre
Input Current (Vin =12.0 V)
HV enable (S1) off24 mA
HV enable on, Set point 0V, Output High60 mA
HV enable on, Set point FS, Output High, no Load


220 mA

Output current100 uA / 200 uATwo output current settings
Voltage Calibration
HV monitor @ DCDC converter, max error+/- 0.3% FS10% Vmax to Vmax
HV monitor @ HVPS output, max error+/- 0.3% FS10% Vmax to Vmax
Closed-loop regulation error+/- 0.2510% Vmax to Vmax
PID rise time
Step from 0 to 10% FS30 msKp=0.08, Ki=0.008, Kd=0
Step from 0 to 100% FS90 msKp=0.08, Ki=0.008, Kd=0

High voltage level control

  • Open loop with a set point between 0 and 1000 representing 0-100% of full-scale output
  • Regulated output with a set point resolution of 0.1% full scale. PID regulator control with user-settable Kp, Ki, and Kd values. PID controller updated every 1 ms.

High voltage reading

  • 12-bit ADC high-voltage reading at the output of the High-voltage DC/DC converter used for output-voltage regulation
  • 11-bit ADC high-voltage reading at the output connector for feedback to the user.
  • 2 x 1000 samples / second
  • Calibration of ADC voltage reading:
    • Linear calibration
    • Quadratic calibration
    • Linear interpolation with a 21-points look-up table.

Output stage control

  • Programmatically settable to 3 states:
    • Output LOW: HV output connector connected to GND
    • Output HIGH: HV output connector connected to the the High voltage
    • Output OFF: Both optocouplers off. HV output connector connected to GND through the voltage reading circuit (100M impedance), which will discharge residual charges in an electrostatic actuator in ~0.1 s (for a 1nF load).
  • Timer-controlled switching between the High voltage set-point and ground
    • Minimum Frequency: 10 mHz (period of 100 s)
    • Maximum Frequency: load-dependent (output current of hvps-x: 100-150 uA)
    • User-settable duty cycle between 0% and 1% with 0.1% resolution.
  • Manual control via on-board button
    • latching or non-latching operation

Memory

Configuration and Operational parameters stored in device EEPROM, allowing quick start-up in a predefined configuration

Communication

Serial interface via usb-micro connector

4 kV unit

Regulation and Calibration accuracy

In closed-loop regulated voltage control

  • Top: measurement as a function of the internal voltage set point.
    • V output: Effective output voltage measured externally with a TESTEC HVP-15F 10kV probe.
    • V hvps-x EM+: Calibrated voltage read internally and measured at the output of the High voltage DC/DC converter. This voltage is used as measurement for the closed-loop control of the output voltage.
    • V hvps-x EM+: Calibrated voltage read internally and measured at the output connector of the hvps-x (after the optocouplers). Used to inform the user of the effective output voltage.
  • Centre: Calibration error related to the internal measurement at the output of the DC/DC converter.
    • Regulation error: Represents the error between the voltage set point and the internal voltage read by the hvps-x. It represents how well the PID regulator is working at keeping the output to the desired value.
    • Calibration error: Represents the error between the voltage read internally by the hvps-x, and the actual output voltage measured externally with a TESTEC HVP-15F 10kV probe. It represents the precision of the calibration of the hvps-x.

PID regulation speed and profile

For kp=8E-2, ki=8E-3, and Kd=0. Curves measured at 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of full scale voltage. Measured externally with a TESTEC HVP-15F 10kV probe.

Switching profile

Square signal generated with the optocouplers at 100% of full scale. Measured externally with a TESTEC HVP-15F 10kV probe.

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